INFLUENCE OF INCENTIVES STRATEGIES ON CHANGE MANAGEMENT IN TEACHERS TRAINING COLLEGES IN KENYA
Abstract
PURPOSE: The study aimed to examine the impact of incentive strategies on change management within teacher training colleges in Kenya.
METHODOLOGY: A descriptive survey research design was adopted, with the target population consisting of 248 respondents, including principals, deputy principals, Deans of Curriculum, Deans of Students, ICT staff, and human resource staff from 15 teacher training colleges. The sample size of 148 was determined using the Krejcie and Morgan formula, and stratified random sampling was employed. Data was collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS and Excel. Descriptive statistics (means, standard deviation, and frequency) and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data.
RESULTS: The findings of the study revealed that incentive strategies have a positive and significant impact on change management in teacher training colleges (β1 = .187, p < 0.05). The results suggest that incentive strategies, such as those focused on ICT adoption, curriculum changes, and infrastructure improvements, significantly influence the acceptance and successful implementation of educational reforms like the CBC.
CONCLUSION: The study concludes that offering tailored incentives and recognition programs significantly encourages employee engagement and acceptance of institutional changes, ultimately driving positive change management in teacher training colleges.
Keywords: Incentive Strategies, Change Management, ICT Adoption, Curriculum Change, Teacher Training Colleges, Competence-Based Curriculum, Infrastructure
References
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Birhanu, S. (2022). The Effect of Financial and Non-Financial Rewards on Employees Motivation: In the Case of Ethiopian Construction Design and Supervision Works Corporation (ECDSWC) (Doctoral Dissertation, ST. MARY’S University).
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Cheng, Y. C. (2022). School Effectiveness and School-Based Management: A Mechanism for Development. Routledge.
Díez, F., Villa, A., López, A. L., & Iraurgi, I. (2020). Impact of quality management systems in the performance of educational centers: educational policies and management processes. Heliyon, 6(4).
Duchscher, J. B., & Windey, M. (2018). Stages of transition and transition shock. Journal for Nurses in Professional Development, 34(4), 228-232.
Errida, A., & Lotfi, B. (2021). The Determinants of Organizational Change Management Success: Literature Review and Case Study. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 13, 18479790211016273.
Haas, M. R., Munzer, B. W., Santen, S. A., Hopson, L. R., Haas, N. L., Overbeek, D., ... & Huang, R. D. (2020). # Didacticsrevolution: Applying Kotter’s 8-Step Change Management Model to Residency Didactics. Western Journal of Emergency Medicine, 21(1), 65.
Haas, M. R., Munzer, B. W., Santen, S. A., Hopson, L. R., Haas, N. L., Overbeek, D., ... & Huang, R. D. (2020). # Didacticsrevolution: Applying Kotter’s 8-Step Change Management Model to Residency Didactics. Western Journal of Emergency Medicine, 21(1), 65.
Joel, O. N., Ogola, M., & Malusu, J. (2019). Efficacies of the Kenya Education Management Institute Induction Course in the Management of Public Primary Schools in Kenya.
Jones, J. L. (2019). Implementation Strategies For Change Initiatives.
Kanamugire, C., Yadav, L. L., & Mbonyiryivuze, A. (2019). Tutors’ perceptions about science curriculum reforms and challenges for their implementation in Teacher Training Colleges in Rwanda. African Journal of Educational Studies in Mathematics and Sciences, 15(1), 101-116.
Kazungu, R. K., & Sharifi, A. (2023). Investigating Risks to The Implementation of The Great Equatorial Landbridge (GELB) Highway Project Across Africa. Sustainability, 15(14), 10905.
Kenge, I. K. (2021). Change Management Practices and Service Delivery in Faith-Based Hospitals in Kiambu County, Kenya (Doctoral Dissertation, Kenyatta University).
Kiprop, W. (2022). Determinants Of Implementation of Total Quality Management at The Teachers Service Commission Headquarters, Nairobi, Kenya (Doctoral Dissertation).
Kiprotich, S. W. (2019). An assessment of Change Management Strategies on Organizational Performance in Public Offices in Kenya: a case of Teachers Service Commission (Doctoral dissertation, St Paul's University).
Laig, R. B. D., & Abocejo, F. T. (2021). Change Management Process in A Mining Company: Kotter’s 8-Step Change Model. Journal Of Management, Economics, And Industrial Organization, 5(3), 31-50.
Mahat, M. A., Razak, N. S. A., & Kamaluding, M. (2021). The Implications of Organizational Culture and Leadership on Business Performance in Change Management. Asean Journal of Automotive Technology, 2(1), 69-75.
Maithya, D. P. (2019). Administrators’co-Curricular Motivation Strategies and Students’academic Performance at Public Teachers Training Colleges in Kenya.
Makau, C. N. (2017). Factors Affecting Procurement in Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission of Kenya (Doctoral Dissertation, MUA).
Makhijaa, S., & Akbarb, W. (2019). Linking rewards and creative performance: Mediating role of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and moderating role of rewards attractiveness. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity, and Change, 8(12), 36-51.
Mancini, L. A. (2023). The Role of Change Management in Corporate Digitalization: The Relevance of Kotter’s Eight-Step Change Model Within IT/Digitalization Projects (Master's Thesis).
McPherson, M., & Schapiro, M. (2021). The student aid game: Meeting need and rewarding talent in American higher education.
Micheni, B. M. (2021). Teacher perspectives on the implementation of the competency-based curriculum in Kenya (Doctoral dissertation, University of Oxford).
Mmbusa, M. I. (2019). Influence Of Compensation Strategies on Employee’s Performance in The Public Health Sector in Nairobi City County, Kenya (Doctoral Dissertation, Doctoral Dissertation, Doctoral Dissertation, Kenyatta University).
Momanyi, J. M., & Rop, P. K. (2020). Teacher preparedness for the implementation of competency-based curriculum in Kenya: A survey of early grade primary school teachers’ in Bomet East Sub-County. The Cradle of Knowledge: African Journal of Educational and Social Science Research, 7(1), 10-15.
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Mugaa, L. G., Guyo, W., & Odhiambo, R. (2018). Influence of financial reward on employee performance in large commercial banks in Nairobi city county in Kenya.
Munyao, B. S. (2019). Strategic Change Management Practices Effect on Implementation of Teacher Performance Appraisal in Kitui Central Public Secondary Schools (Doctoral Dissertation).
Ngeno, B. (2023). The Relationship between Teacher Training and Implementation of a Competency-Based Curriculum in Public Primary Schools, a case study in Kericho county, Kenya. East African Journal of Education Studies, 6(1), 280-290.
Okello, G. A. (2021). Entrepreneurial Management and Growth of Micro and Small Furniture Manufacturing Enterprises in Kenya (Doctoral Dissertation, JKUAT-COHRED).
Oreg, S., & Berson, Y. (2019). Leaders’ Impact on Organizational Change: Bridging Theoretical and Methodological Chasms. Academy Of Management Annals, 13(1), 272-307.
Riechi, A. R. (2021). The Education System of Kenya: Philosophy, Vision, and Mission. The Education Systems of Africa, 211-224.
Ryan, S. V., Von Der Embse, N. P., Pendergast, L. L., Saeki, E., Segool, N., & Schwing, S. (2017). Leaving The Teaching Profession: The Role of Teacher Stress and Educational Accountability Policies on Turnover Intent. Teaching And Teacher Education, 66, 1-11.
Sadeq, T., Akbar, R., & Al Wazzan, F. (2021). Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC) in Kuwait:" From the Ideal to Real". English Language Teaching, 14(1), 1-12.
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Schwarz, G. M., Bouckenooghe, D., & Vakola, M. (2021). Organizational Change Failure: Framing The Process of Failing. Human Relations, 74(2), 159-179.
Scott, G. (2020). Change Matters: Making A Difference in Education and Training. Routledge.
Serenko, A., & Bontis, N. (2016). Negotiate, Reciprocate, Or Cooperate? The Impact of Exchange Modes on Inter-Employee Knowledge Sharing. Journal Of Knowledge Management, 20(4), 687-712.
Serrano, D. R., Dea‐Ayuela, M. A., Gonzalez‐Burgos, E., Serrano‐Gil, A., & Lalatsa, A. (2019). Technology‐Enhanced Learning in Higher Education: How to Enhance Student Engagement Through Blended Learning. European Journal of Education, 54(2), 273-286.
Shao, Z. (2019). Interaction Effect of Strategic Leadership Behaviors and Organizational Culture On IS-Business Strategic Alignment and Enterprise Systems Assimilation. International Journal of Information Management, 44, 96-108.
Steinert, Y., O’Sullivan, P. S., & Irby, D. M. (2019). Strengthening teachers’ professional identities through faculty development. Academic Medicine, 94(7), 963-968.
Thu, T. D. T., & Thu, H. T. T. (2022). Change Management in Higher Education by Kotter's Model: A Case Study in Vietnam Private University. Journal Of International Business and Management, 5(1), 01-12.
Van der Oord, S., & Tripp, G. (2020). How to improve behavioral parent and teacher training for children with ADHD: Integrating empirical research on learning and motivation into treatment. Clinical child and family psychology review, 23(4), 577-604.
Waddell, A. S. (2022). Public Sector Reform and Complex Adaptive Systems: An Analysis of The Problem Driven Iterative Adaptation Model (Doctoral Dissertation, Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University).
Wanza, L., & Nkuraru, J. K. (2016). Influence Of Change Management on Employee Performance: A Case of University of Eldoret, Kenya. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 7(4), 190-199.
Weber, E., Büttgen, M., & Bartsch, S. (2022). How to take employees on the digital transformation journey: An experimental study on complementary leadership behaviors in managing organizational change. Journal of Business Research, 143, 225-238.
Williams, D. A., & Wade-Golden, K. C. (2023). The Chief Diversity Officer: Strategy Structure, And Change Management. Taylor & Francis.
Wu, J., Zhang, J., & Wang, C. (2023). Student Performance, Peer Effects, And Friend Networks: Evidence from A Randomized Peer Intervention. American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 15(1), 510-542.
Alkandi, I. G., Khan, M. A., Fallatah, M., Alabdulhadi, A., Alanizan, S., & Alharbi, J. (2023). The Impact of Incentive and Reward Systems on Employee Performance in The Saudi Primary, Secondary, And Tertiary Industrial Sectors: A Mediating Influence of Employee Job Satisfaction. Sustainability, 15(4), 3415.
Anyieni, A. G., & Areri, D. K. (2016). Assessment Of the Factors Influencing the Implementation of Strategic Plans in Secondary Schools in Kenya. Journal Of Education and Practice, 7(16), 1-8.
Aseka, M. T. (2016). Influence Of Headteachers’ Instructional Supervision Practices on Teachers’ Job Performance in Public Primary Schools in Lang’ata Sub County, Nairobi Kenya (Doctoral Dissertation, University of Nairobi).
Birhanu, S. (2022). The Effect of Financial and Non-Financial Rewards on Employees Motivation: In the Case of Ethiopian Construction Design and Supervision Works Corporation (ECDSWC) (Doctoral Dissertation, ST. MARY’S University).
Börü, N. (2018). The factors affecting teacher-motivation.
Canales, A. (2023). Change Management and Public Education: What Needs to Change About Change (Doctoral Dissertation, Adler University).
Cheng, Y. C. (2022). School Effectiveness and School-Based Management: A Mechanism for Development. Routledge.
Díez, F., Villa, A., López, A. L., & Iraurgi, I. (2020). Impact of quality management systems in the performance of educational centers: educational policies and management processes. Heliyon, 6(4).
Duchscher, J. B., & Windey, M. (2018). Stages of transition and transition shock. Journal for Nurses in Professional Development, 34(4), 228-232.
Errida, A., & Lotfi, B. (2021). The Determinants of Organizational Change Management Success: Literature Review and Case Study. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 13, 18479790211016273.
Haas, M. R., Munzer, B. W., Santen, S. A., Hopson, L. R., Haas, N. L., Overbeek, D., ... & Huang, R. D. (2020). # Didacticsrevolution: Applying Kotter’s 8-Step Change Management Model to Residency Didactics. Western Journal of Emergency Medicine, 21(1), 65.
Haas, M. R., Munzer, B. W., Santen, S. A., Hopson, L. R., Haas, N. L., Overbeek, D., ... & Huang, R. D. (2020). # Didacticsrevolution: Applying Kotter’s 8-Step Change Management Model to Residency Didactics. Western Journal of Emergency Medicine, 21(1), 65.
Joel, O. N., Ogola, M., & Malusu, J. (2019). Efficacies of the Kenya Education Management Institute Induction Course in the Management of Public Primary Schools in Kenya.
Jones, J. L. (2019). Implementation Strategies For Change Initiatives.
Kanamugire, C., Yadav, L. L., & Mbonyiryivuze, A. (2019). Tutors’ perceptions about science curriculum reforms and challenges for their implementation in Teacher Training Colleges in Rwanda. African Journal of Educational Studies in Mathematics and Sciences, 15(1), 101-116.
Kazungu, R. K., & Sharifi, A. (2023). Investigating Risks to The Implementation of The Great Equatorial Landbridge (GELB) Highway Project Across Africa. Sustainability, 15(14), 10905.
Kenge, I. K. (2021). Change Management Practices and Service Delivery in Faith-Based Hospitals in Kiambu County, Kenya (Doctoral Dissertation, Kenyatta University).
Kiprop, W. (2022). Determinants Of Implementation of Total Quality Management at The Teachers Service Commission Headquarters, Nairobi, Kenya (Doctoral Dissertation).
Kiprotich, S. W. (2019). An assessment of Change Management Strategies on Organizational Performance in Public Offices in Kenya: a case of Teachers Service Commission (Doctoral dissertation, St Paul's University).
Laig, R. B. D., & Abocejo, F. T. (2021). Change Management Process in A Mining Company: Kotter’s 8-Step Change Model. Journal Of Management, Economics, And Industrial Organization, 5(3), 31-50.
Mahat, M. A., Razak, N. S. A., & Kamaluding, M. (2021). The Implications of Organizational Culture and Leadership on Business Performance in Change Management. Asean Journal of Automotive Technology, 2(1), 69-75.
Maithya, D. P. (2019). Administrators’co-Curricular Motivation Strategies and Students’academic Performance at Public Teachers Training Colleges in Kenya.
Makau, C. N. (2017). Factors Affecting Procurement in Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission of Kenya (Doctoral Dissertation, MUA).
Makhijaa, S., & Akbarb, W. (2019). Linking rewards and creative performance: Mediating role of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and moderating role of rewards attractiveness. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity, and Change, 8(12), 36-51.
Mancini, L. A. (2023). The Role of Change Management in Corporate Digitalization: The Relevance of Kotter’s Eight-Step Change Model Within IT/Digitalization Projects (Master's Thesis).
McPherson, M., & Schapiro, M. (2021). The student aid game: Meeting need and rewarding talent in American higher education.
Micheni, B. M. (2021). Teacher perspectives on the implementation of the competency-based curriculum in Kenya (Doctoral dissertation, University of Oxford).
Mmbusa, M. I. (2019). Influence Of Compensation Strategies on Employee’s Performance in The Public Health Sector in Nairobi City County, Kenya (Doctoral Dissertation, Doctoral Dissertation, Doctoral Dissertation, Kenyatta University).
Momanyi, J. M., & Rop, P. K. (2020). Teacher preparedness for the implementation of competency-based curriculum in Kenya: A survey of early grade primary school teachers’ in Bomet East Sub-County. The Cradle of Knowledge: African Journal of Educational and Social Science Research, 7(1), 10-15.
Monday, W. (2023). A Phenomenological Study of Transformational Leadership and Change Agent Behavior in The Army Recruiting Command (Doctoral Dissertation, The Chicago School of Professional Psychology). 10.25777/5z01-aq28.
Mugaa, L. G., Guyo, W., & Odhiambo, R. (2018). Influence of financial reward on employee performance in large commercial banks in Nairobi city county in Kenya.
Munyao, B. S. (2019). Strategic Change Management Practices Effect on Implementation of Teacher Performance Appraisal in Kitui Central Public Secondary Schools (Doctoral Dissertation).
Ngeno, B. (2023). The Relationship between Teacher Training and Implementation of a Competency-Based Curriculum in Public Primary Schools, a case study in Kericho county, Kenya. East African Journal of Education Studies, 6(1), 280-290.
Okello, G. A. (2021). Entrepreneurial Management and Growth of Micro and Small Furniture Manufacturing Enterprises in Kenya (Doctoral Dissertation, JKUAT-COHRED).
Oreg, S., & Berson, Y. (2019). Leaders’ Impact on Organizational Change: Bridging Theoretical and Methodological Chasms. Academy Of Management Annals, 13(1), 272-307.
Riechi, A. R. (2021). The Education System of Kenya: Philosophy, Vision, and Mission. The Education Systems of Africa, 211-224.
Ryan, S. V., Von Der Embse, N. P., Pendergast, L. L., Saeki, E., Segool, N., & Schwing, S. (2017). Leaving The Teaching Profession: The Role of Teacher Stress and Educational Accountability Policies on Turnover Intent. Teaching And Teacher Education, 66, 1-11.
Sadeq, T., Akbar, R., & Al Wazzan, F. (2021). Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC) in Kuwait:" From the Ideal to Real". English Language Teaching, 14(1), 1-12.
Saroyan, A., & Frenay, M. (Eds.). (2023). Building Teaching Capacities in Higher Education: A Comprehensive International Model. Taylor & Francis.
Schwarz, G. M., Bouckenooghe, D., & Vakola, M. (2021). Organizational Change Failure: Framing The Process of Failing. Human Relations, 74(2), 159-179.
Scott, G. (2020). Change Matters: Making A Difference in Education and Training. Routledge.
Serenko, A., & Bontis, N. (2016). Negotiate, Reciprocate, Or Cooperate? The Impact of Exchange Modes on Inter-Employee Knowledge Sharing. Journal Of Knowledge Management, 20(4), 687-712.
Serrano, D. R., Dea‐Ayuela, M. A., Gonzalez‐Burgos, E., Serrano‐Gil, A., & Lalatsa, A. (2019). Technology‐Enhanced Learning in Higher Education: How to Enhance Student Engagement Through Blended Learning. European Journal of Education, 54(2), 273-286.
Shao, Z. (2019). Interaction Effect of Strategic Leadership Behaviors and Organizational Culture On IS-Business Strategic Alignment and Enterprise Systems Assimilation. International Journal of Information Management, 44, 96-108.
Steinert, Y., O’Sullivan, P. S., & Irby, D. M. (2019). Strengthening teachers’ professional identities through faculty development. Academic Medicine, 94(7), 963-968.
Thu, T. D. T., & Thu, H. T. T. (2022). Change Management in Higher Education by Kotter's Model: A Case Study in Vietnam Private University. Journal Of International Business and Management, 5(1), 01-12.
Van der Oord, S., & Tripp, G. (2020). How to improve behavioral parent and teacher training for children with ADHD: Integrating empirical research on learning and motivation into treatment. Clinical child and family psychology review, 23(4), 577-604.
Waddell, A. S. (2022). Public Sector Reform and Complex Adaptive Systems: An Analysis of The Problem Driven Iterative Adaptation Model (Doctoral Dissertation, Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University).
Wanza, L., & Nkuraru, J. K. (2016). Influence Of Change Management on Employee Performance: A Case of University of Eldoret, Kenya. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 7(4), 190-199.
Weber, E., Büttgen, M., & Bartsch, S. (2022). How to take employees on the digital transformation journey: An experimental study on complementary leadership behaviors in managing organizational change. Journal of Business Research, 143, 225-238.
Williams, D. A., & Wade-Golden, K. C. (2023). The Chief Diversity Officer: Strategy Structure, And Change Management. Taylor & Francis.
Wu, J., Zhang, J., & Wang, C. (2023). Student Performance, Peer Effects, And Friend Networks: Evidence from A Randomized Peer Intervention. American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 15(1), 510-542.
Published
2024-10-12
How to Cite
Rono, J. J., Muhoho , J., & Mwangi, J. K. (2024). INFLUENCE OF INCENTIVES STRATEGIES ON CHANGE MANAGEMENT IN TEACHERS TRAINING COLLEGES IN KENYA. African Journal of Emerging Issues, 6(16), 36-53. Retrieved from https://ajoeijournals.org/sys/index.php/ajoei/article/view/679
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