INFLUENCE OF REGIONAL ANESTHETIC TECHNIQUES ON MATERNAL AND NEONATAL OUTCOMES: LITERATURE BASED REVIEW
Abstract
Purpose of the study: The study sought to examine the influence of regional anesthetic techniques on maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Methodology: The study was literature based. The study used the findings of the previous studies to make conclusions regarding the influence of regional anesthetic techniques on maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Findings: The study found that regional anesthetic techniques, such as epidurals and spinal blocks, have been shown to positively impact maternal and neonatal outcomes during childbirth. Regional anesthesia allows for more targeted pain relief during labor and delivery, reducing the need for general anesthesia, which can have more severe side effects for both the mother and the baby. In addition, regional anesthesia allows the mother to be awake and alert during delivery, facilitating bonding with the newborn and breastfeeding. Additionally, regional anesthesia can improve maternal blood pressure control during delivery, which can decrease the risk of maternal hemorrhage. Maternal and neonatal outcomes are essential indicators of the health and well-being of women and newborns. Maternal outcomes include measures such as maternal mortality and morbidity, while neonatal outcomes include measures such as neonatal mortality and morbidity.
Conclusion: The study concluded that regional anesthetic techniques have a significant influence on maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Recommendations: The study recommended that regional anesthetic techniques should be embraced to enhance maternal and neonatal outcomes. Continuous monitoring of the mother and fetus during the procedure is important to ensure safety. In addition, there is a need for post-operative care to ensure the best outcomes for both the mother and the baby. The patient's medical history, including any pre-existing conditions such as hypertension or diabetes, should be taken into account when determining the appropriate type of anesthesia.
Keywords: Anesthetic Regional anesthetic techniques, maternal and neonatal outcomes
References
Bhatia, K., Columb, M., Bewlay, A., Tageldin, N., Knapp, C., Qamar, Y., (2021). Decision‐to‐delivery interval and neonatal outcomes for category‐1 caesarean sections during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Anaesthesia, 76(8), 1051-1059.
Chalet, Y., Vielle, B., Verhaeghe, C., Corroenne, R., Legendre, G., Descamps, P., ... & Bouet, P. E. (2022). Comparison of neonatal outcomes of cesarean sections performed under primary or secondary general anesthesia: a retrospective study. International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia, 50, 103538.
Chumpathong, S., Sirithanetbhol, S., Salakij, B., Visalyaputra, S., Parakkamodom, S., & Wataganara, T. (2016). Maternal and neonatal outcomes in women with severe pre-eclampsia undergoing cesarean section: a 10-year retrospective study from a single tertiary care center: anesthetic point of view. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 29(24), 4096-4100.
Dunn, C. N., Zhang, Q., Sia, J. T., Assam, P. N., Tagore, S., & Sng, B. L. (2016). Evaluation of timings and outcomes in category-one caesarean sections: a retrospective cohort study. Indian journal of anaesthesia, 60(8), 546.
Dyer, R. A., Maswime, S., Rodseth, R. N., Van Dyk, D., Kluyts, H. L., ... & Assefa, S. B. (2019). Maternal and neonatal outcomes after caesarean delivery in the African Surgical Outcomes Study: a 7-day prospective observational cohort study. The Lancet Global Health, 7(4), e513-e522.
Edipoglu, I. S., Celik, F., Marangoz, E. C., & Orcan, G. H. (2018). Effect of anaesthetic technique on neonatal morbidity in emergency caesarean section for foetal distress. PLoS One, 13(11), e0207388.
Gizzo, S., Noventa, M., Fagherazzi, S., Lamparelli, L., Ancona, E., Di Gangi, S., ... & Nardelli, G. B. (2014). Update on best available options in obstetrics anaesthesia: perinatal outcomes, side effects and maternal satisfaction. Fifteen years systematic literature review. Archives of gynecology and obstetrics, 290, 21-34.
Iddrisu, M., & Khan, Z. H. (2021). Anesthesia for cesarean delivery: general or regional anesthesia—a systematic review. Ain-Shams Journal of Anesthesiology, 13(1), 1-7.
Jaafarpour, M., Taghizadeh, Z., Shafiei, E., Vasigh, A., & Sayehmiri, K. (2020). The effect of intrathecal meperidine on maternal and newborn outcomes after cesarean section: a systematic review and meta-analysis study. Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, 10(2).
Lim, G., Facco, F. L., Nathan, N., Waters, J. H., Wong, C. A., & Eltzschig, H. K. (2018). A review of the impact of obstetric anesthesia on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Anesthesiology, 129(1), 192-215.
Obi, V., & Umeora, O. J. (2018). Anesthesia for emergency cesarean section: A comparison of spinal versus general anesthesia on maternal and neonatal outcomes. African Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 17(1), 31-31.
Portela, D. A., Verdier, N., & Otero, P. E. (2018). Regional anesthetic techniques for the pelvic limb and abdominal wall in small animals: a review of the literature and technique description. The veterinary journal, 238, 27-40.
Scarf, V. L., Rossiter, C., Vedam, S., Dahlen, H. G., Ellwood, D., Forster, D., ... & Homer, C. S. (2018). Maternal and perinatal outcomes by planned place of birth among women with low-risk pregnancies in high-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Midwifery, 62, 240-255.
Sultan, P., Habib, A. S., Cho, Y., & Carvalho, B. (2015). The Effect of patient warming during Caesarean delivery on maternal and neonatal outcomes: a meta-analysis. BJA: British Journal of Anaesthesia, 115(4), 500-510.
Thangaswamy, C. R., Kundra, P., Velayudhan, S., Aswini, L. N., & Veena, P. (2018). Influence of anaesthetic technique on maternal and foetal outcome in category 1 caesarean sections–A prospective single-centre observational study. Indian Journal of Anaesthesia, 62(11), 844.
Wu, S. W., Dian, H., & Zhang, W. Y. (2018). Labor onset, oxytocin use, and epidural Anesthesia for vaginal birth after Cesarean section and associated effects on maternal and neonatal outcomes in a tertiary Hospital in China: A retrospective study. Chinese medical journal, 131(08), 933-938.
