THE ROLE OF AFFECTIVE COMMITMENT ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMPLOYEE ORGANIZATIONAL IDENTIFICATION AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN THE MOTOR VEHICLE INDUSTRY IN KENYA
Abstract
Objective of the study: This study aimed at determining the role of affective commitment in the relationship between Employee Organizational Identification (EOI) and Employee Performance in the motor vehicle industry in Kenya. Affective Commitment was applied in the study as mediating variable to test the explanatory levels of EOI - employee performance relationship
Research methodology: The study sample was 332 respondents who were drawn from the 10 companies in the industry through simple random sampling method. The study was based on descriptive cross sectional survey design. Data for analysis was obtained through distribution of structured questionnaires. The statements were measured on 5 point Likert scale format. Analysis of data was done and results presented as descriptive and inferential. Outcomes were presented in tables and figures.
Results and findings: The findings of the study showed that affective commitment partially mediated EOI - employee performance relationship. The outcomes were positive and significant. The results of the study contributes to behavioural theories and organizational policies by giving a better insight and understanding of employee performance management practices.
Conclusion and recommendations: The study suggested that further analysis should be done using the same variables on a longitudinal design to determine the consistency of outcomes of the role of affective commitment on the influence of EOI on Employee Performance.
Key words: Employee Organizational Identification, Affective Commitment, Employee Performance.
References
African Development Bank (2017). Africa’s Automotive Industry: Potential and Challenges. Retrieved from; https://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Publications/WPS_No_282_Africa%E2%80%99s_Automotive_Industry_Potential_and_Challenges.pdf
Allen, G. W., Attoh, P. A., & Gong, T. (2017). Transformational leadership and affective organizational commitment: Mediating roles of perceived social responsibility and organizational identification. Social Responsibility Journal, 13(3), 585–600. https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-11-2016-0193
Armstrong, M., (2006). Strategic Human Resource Management, 3rd edition. London: Kogan Page.
Ashforth, B. E., Harrison S.H & Corley K.G (2008). Identification in organizations: an examination of four fundamental questions, Journal of Management, 34(3); 325-374.
Ashforth, B. E., & Mael, F. (1989). Social identity theory and the organization. Academy of Management Review, 14(1), 20-39.
Beck R. & Harter J. (2015). Managers Account for 70% of Variance in Employee Engagement. Gallup Employee engagement survey, USA. https://news.gallup.com/businessjournal/182792/managers-account-variance-employee-engagement.aspx
Bergeron, D., Ostroff, C., Schroeder, T., & Block, C., (2014). The dual effects of organizational citizenship behavior: Relationships to research productivity and career outcomes in academe. Human Performance Journal, 27(2); 99-128
Borman, W. C., & Motowidlo, S. J. (1997). Task performance and contextual performance: The meaning for personnel selection research. Human Performance, 10(2); 99-109.
Campbell, J. W. (2015). Identification and performance management: An assessment of change-oriented behaviour in public organizations. Public Personnel Management, 44(1), 46–69
CFAO Group (2019). Internal employee survey report. From, https://www2.dtdobie.co.ke/
Cheney, G., (2016). On the various and changing meanings of organizational membership: a field study of organizational identification, Communication Monographs. 50 (4)’ 342 -362.
Creswell, J. W., (2013). Research design qualitative, quantitative, and mixed method approaches. USA: SAGE Publications.
Cronbach, L. J., (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika Journal.16, 297-334
Draft National Automotive Policy, (2019). State Department for Industrialization, Republic of Kenya January 2019. Retrieved from: http://www.industrialization.go.ke/images/downloads/Draft-National-Automotive-Policy-Executive-Jan-2019.pdf
Drzensky, F., & VanDick, R., (2013). Organizational identification and organizational change, in the psychology of organizational change: viewing change from the recipient’s perspective, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Garson, G. D. (2012).Hierarchical Linear Modeling: Guide and Applications. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc
Garud, R., & Raghuram, S. B. M., (2001). Organizational identification among virtual workers: the role of need for affiliation and perceived work-based social support. Journal of Management 27 (2001) 213–229.
Grant, A. M., & Gino, F., (2010). A little thank you goes a long way: Explaining why gratitude expressions motivate prosocial behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 98(6):946-55.
Halako, M. T., (2017). The Influence of leader-Member exchange on career Mobility in Kenya Breweries Limited; (Doctoral Thesis), University of Nairobi.
Hall, D. T., & Schneider, B., (1972). Correlates of organizational identification as a function of career pattern and organizational type. Administrative Science Quarterly. 17(3), 340–350.
Herzberg, F. (1987). One more time: How do you motivate employees? Harvard Business Review. September–October, 109–120.
Herzberg, F., Mausner, B., & Snyderman, B., (1959). The motivation to work. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Higgins T. (2018). Tesla Sues Former Employee amid Crackdown on ‘Sabotage, The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from https://www.wsj.com/articles/tesla-alleges-former-employee-stole-confidential-data-1529513458
Jong, M. D. T & Gutteling, J. M., (2006). Relations between organizational identity, identification and organizational objectives: An empirical study in municipal Journal. 1(1): 2 -7.
Kenya Motor Industry Association, (2020). Bulletine. Retrieved from https:///en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Kenya
Kidombo, H. J (2007). Human Resource Strategic Orientation, Organizational Commitment and Firm Performance in Large Private Manufacturing Firms in Kenya. (Doctoral Thesis, University of Nairobi)
Khoshlahn, M., & Sattari, F. (2016). The Role of Organizational Agility and Transformational Leadership in Service Recovery Prediction. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 230 (May), 142–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.09.018
Loi R., Chan K. W., Lam L. W. (2014). Leader–member exchange, organizational identification, and job satisfaction: a social identity perspective. J. Occup. Organ. Psychol. 87 42–61. 10.1111/joop.12028
Mael, F. A., & Ashforth, B. E. (2001). Identification in work, war, sports, and religion: Contrasting the benefits and risks. Journal for the Theory of Social Behavior. 31(2); 197 – 222.
Meyer, J. P., Becker, T. E., & van Dick, R., (2006). Social identities and commitments at work: Toward an integrative model. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 27(5); 665-683.
Meyer, J. P. & Parfyonova, N. M., (2010). Normative commitment in the workplace: A theoretical analysis and re-conceptualization. Human Resource Management Review. 20, 283-294.doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2009.09.001
National Automotive Policy (2019). Draft automotive policy, legal notice; state department for industrialization. Nairobi: Government Printer
Omari S. M., (2012). The influence of contextual and cognitive factors on, the relationship between employee characteristics and employee outcomes in Kenyan public corporations; (Doctoral Thesis), University of Nairobi.
Pallant, J., (2011). A step by step guide to data analysis using the SPSS program. SPSS survival manual. 4th Edition, Berkshire: McGraw-Hill
Perry, J. L., Hondeghem, A., & Wise, L. R. (2010). Revisiting the motivational bases of public service: Twenty years of research and an agenda for the future. Public Administration Review, 70, 681–690.
Razali, A. Rizal, Y., Shukri, A. & Tahir, I. M., (2011). The determinants of enterprise risk management (ERM) practices in Malaysian public listed companies. Journal of Social and Development Sciences, vol. 1(5), pages 202-207.
Riketta, M. (2005). Organizational identification: A meta-analysis. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 66, 358-384
Robbins, J., (2013). Organizational Behavior. 15th Global Edition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.
Saunders, M., Lewis, P. & Thornhill, A., (2009). Research Methods for Business Students. Pearson, New York.
Snyder, J. L. & Cistulli, M. D., (2011). The relationship between workplace e-mail privacy and psychological contract violation, and their influence on trust in top management and affective commitment. Communication Research Reports, 28(2):121-129
Tabachnick, B.G. & Fidell, L.S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (5th ed.). Boston: Pearson.
Tajfel, H. and Turner, J.C. (1985). The Social Identity Theory of Intergroup Behaviour. In: Worchel, S. and Austin, W.G., Eds., Psychology of Intergroup Relations, 2nd Edition, Nelson Hall, Chicago, 7-24.
Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. C., (1979). An integrative theory of inter-group conflict. In W. G. Austin & S. Worchel (Eds.), the social psychology of intergroup relations: Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole.
Terzioglu, F., Temel, S., & Uslu Sahan, F., (2016). Factors affecting performance and productivity of nurses: professional attitude, organizational justice, organizational culture and mobbing. Journal of Nursing Management, 24(6), 735-744.
Tuna, R., Feride, E., B., Arzu, K., & Harmancı, S., (2019). The effects of organizational identification and organizational cynicism on employee performance among nurses; International Journal of Caring Sciences, Volume 11 | Issue 3| Page1708- 1719.
Van Knippenberg, D. (2000a). Work motivation and performance: A social identity perspective. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 49, 357—371
Weinreich, P., (2009). Enculturation, not acculturation: Conceptualising and assessing identity processes in migrant communities. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 33(2), 124–139.
Wojnar, D. M., & Kristen, M. S. (2007). Phenomenology: an exploration, Published in Journal of holistic nursing, 25(3):172-80.
Yücel, İ. & Çetinkaya, B. (2015). Relationship between Organizational Cynicism and Organizational Commitment and Moderating Effects of Age of Employees on the Relationship”. Atatürk University Journal of Social Sciences Institute. 19(3), 247-271.
Ziapour, A., Khatony, A., Kianipour, N., & Jafary, F., (2014). Identification and analysis of labor productivity components based on achieve model (case study: staff of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences). Global Journal of Health Science, 7(1), 315-321.