RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION AND PERFORMANCE OF LEVEL FOUR GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS IN KENYA
Abstract
Motivation energises individual level of commitment and guide behaviour of the healthcare worker. In the same breath, employee recognition is seen to have a positive correlation with employee performance and motivated employees often have the propensity to be productive in strategy implementation than the employees who are not motivated. This paper sought to assess the effect of employee motivation on performance of level four government hospitals in Kenya. This paper reviewed effects of employee motivation and its impact on organizational performance, through an analysis of existing empirical studies and models linking with employee motivation and performance. This study adopted a mixed-method approach. The study population comprised all the 104 Level Four government hospitals listed in the Kenya Gazette as of February 2020. According to Kenya gazette 2020, there are 22 county referral hospitals and 82 sub-county hospitals in Kenya. The study was quantitative and qualitative in nature. Structured and unstructured questions was used to obtain qualitative data. This mixed method enabled the study to highlight and quantify causal relationships and to analyze numbers instead of exploring and describing situations. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed in analyzing quantitative data. Qualitative data from unstructured questions were analysed using conceptual content analysis. Pursuant to the analysis of wide literature, the study results revealed that employee motivation has a significant relationship with Performance of Level Four government hospitals in Kenya.
Keywords: Employee Motivation, Organizational Performance, Level Four Government Hospitals
References
Aduo-Adjei, K., Emmanuel, O., & Forster, O. M. (2016). The impact of motivation on the work Performance of health workers (Korle Bu Teaching Hospital): Evidence from Ghana. Hospital Practices and Research, 1(2), 47-52.
Al Tayyar, K. (2014). Job satisfaction and motivation amongst secondary school teachers in Saudi Arabia (Doctoral dissertation, University of York).
Alameddine, M., Baroud, M., Kharroubi, S., Hamadeh, R., Ammar, W., Shoaib, H., & Khodr, H. (2017). Investigating the job satisfaction of healthcare providers at primary healthcare centres in Lebanon: A national cross‐sectional study. Health & social care in the community, 25(6), 1805-1816.
Al-Madi, F. N., Assal, H., Shrafat, F., & Zeglat, D. (2017). The impact of employee motivation on organisational commitment. European Journal of Business and Management, 9(15), 134-145.
Almarri, K., & Gardiner, P. (2014). Application of resource-based view to project management research: supporters and opponents. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 119, 437-445.
Alshmemri, M. S. (2014). Job satisfaction of Saudi nurses working in Saudi Arabian public hospitals. Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.
Alwedyan, A. M. (2021). The Impact of Motivation on Employees' performance At Government Agencies in Jordan. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 20(2), 1-11.
Augustinus, D. C., & Halim, C. F. (2021). The Effect of Motivation Towards Employee Performance for Café Workers in Medan. Journal of Accounting & Management Innovation, 5 (1), pp. 44-56.
Bakotic, D., & Babic, T. (2013). Relationship between working conditions and job satisfaction: The case of Croatian shipbuilding organisation. International journal of business and social science, 4(2).
Balouch, R., & Hassan, F. (2014). Determinants of job satisfaction and its impact on employee performance and turnover intentions. International Journal of Learning & Development, 4(2), 120-140.
Barnes, B. R. (2019). Transformative mixed methods research in South Africa: Contributions to social justice. Transforming Research Methods in The Social Sciences: Case Studies from South Africa, 303-16.
Barney, J. B. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17: 99-120.
Bhatnagar, A. (2014). Determinants of motivation and job satisfaction among primary health workers: case studies from Nigeria and India (Doctoral dissertation, Johns Hopkins University).
Burton, C. R., & Rycroft-Malone, J. (2014). Resource based view of the firm as a theoretical lens on the organisational consequences of quality improvement. International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 3(3), 113.
Carper, W. B. (2015). Goalset: A contingency model of organisational goal setting. American Journal of management, 15(1), 50.
Casebeer, A., Reay, T., Dewald, J., & Pablo, A. (2010). 12 Knowing through doing: unleashing latent dynamic capabilities in the public sector. Connecting knowledge and performance in public services: From knowing to doing, 251.
Chen, S. Y., Wu, W. C., Chang, C. S., & Lin, C. T. (2015). Job rotation and internal marketing for increased job satisfaction and organisational commitment in hospital nursing staff. Journal of nursing management, 23(3), 297-306.
Chrest, K. T. (2020). Employee Motivation Related to Leadership Behaviors in Rural Outpatient Healthcare Settings (Doctoral dissertation, Franklin University).
Deressa, A. T., & Zeru, G. (2019). Work motivation and its effects on organisational performance: the case of nurses in Hawassa public and private hospitals: Mixed method study approach. BMC research notes, 12(1), 1-6.
Dobre, O. I. (2013). Employee motivation and organisational performance. Review of applied socio-economic research, 5(1), 53-60.
Febrianti, N. T., &Suharto, S.E, S. (2020). The effect of career development and motivation on employee performance through job satisfaction in Pt Jabar Jaya Perkasa. International Journal of Business and Social Science Research, 1(2),25-35.
Fetters, M. D., & Molina-Azorin, J. F. (2017). The Journal of Mixed Methods Research starts a new decade: The mixed methods research integration trilogy and its dimensions. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 11(3), 291-307.
Ghiara, V. (2020). Disambiguating the role of paradigms in mixed methods research. Journal of mixed methods research, 14(1), 11-25.
Graban, M., & Toussaint, J. (2018). Lean hospitals: improving quality, patient safety, and employee engagement. Productivity Press.
Hemakumara, M. G. G. (2020). The Impact of Motivation on Job Performance: A Review of Literature. Journal of Human Resources, 8(2), 24-29.
Hotchkiss, D. R., Banteyerga, H., & Tharaney, M. (2015). Job satisfaction and motivation among public sector health workers: evidence from Ethiopia. Human resources for health, 13(1), 1-12.
Huber, P., & Schubert, H. J. (2019). Attitudes about work engagement of different generations-A cross‐sectional study with nurses and supervisors. Journal of nursing management, 27(7), 1341-1350.
Kalogiannidis, S. (2021). Impact of employee motivation on organisational performance. A scoping review paper for public sector. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 8 (3), 984 – 996.
Kang, S. C., & Yanadori, Y. (2011). Adoption and coverage of performance ‐related pay during institutional change: An integration of institutional and agency theories. Journal of Management Studies, 48(8), 1837-1865.
Kawara, P. (2014). Effects of reward systems on employee productivity in Catholic University of Eastern Africa. International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management, 1(2), 1-4.
Killen, C. P., Jugdev, K., Drouin, N., & Petit, Y. (2012). Advancing project and portfolio management research: Applying strategic management theories. International journal of project management, 30(5), 525-538.
KIPPRA (2021). Strengthening Labour Relations to Avert Strikes in the Health Care Sector in Kenya. Retrieved from https://kippra.or.ke/strengthening-labour-relations-to-avert-strikes-in-the-health-care-sector-in-kenya/
Koppes, L. L. (Ed.). (2014). Historical perspectives in industrial and organisational psychology. Psychology Press.
Kossivi, B., Xu, M., & Kalgora, B. (2016). Study on determining factors of employee retention. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 4(05), 261-268.
Kramer, W. S., Thayer, A. L., & Salas, E. (2013). Goal setting in teams. In New developments in goal setting and task performance. Routledge.
Kuranchie-Mensah, E. B., & Amponsah-Tawiah, K. (2016). Employee motivation and work performance: A comparative study of mining companies in Ghana. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management (JIEM), 9(2), 255-309.
Latham, G. P., & Locke, E. A. (1979). Goal setting—A motivational technique that works. Organizational dynamics, 8(2), 68-80.
Lencho, D. M. (2020). Effect of employee motivation on job performance: in case of fiche general hospital, International Journal of Commerce and Finance, 6(1), 81-101.
Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (2013). Goal setting theory: The current state. In New developments in goal setting and task performance (pp. 623-630). Routledge.
Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (2015). Breaking the rules: a historical overview of goal-setting theory. In Advances in motivation science, 2, 99-126.
Lubis, R. K. (2020). Analysis of Effect of Work Motivation and Job Satisfaction Performance Against Serdang Agricultural Extension Bedagai. Journal of Management Science (JMAS), 3(1), 19-24.
Mugenda, O. M., & Mugenda, A. G. (2003). Research methods: Quantitative and. Qualitative. Approaches. Nairobi.
Mulyani, S. R., Sari, V. N., & Sari, M. W. (2020). Model of employee motivation and cooperative performance. Utopía y Praxis Latinoamericana, 25(1), 232-242.
Musinguzi, C., Namale, L., Rutebemberwa, E., Dahal, A., Nahirya-Ntege, P., & Kekitiinwa, A. (2018). The relationship between leadership style and health worker motivation, job satisfaction and teamwork in Uganda. Journal of healthcare leadership, 10, 21.
Mwabu, G. M., & Were, S. (2019). Influence of employee motivation on performance in selected research institutions in Nairobi City County, Kenya. International Academic Journal of Human Resource and Business Administration, 3(6), 354-374.
Nzinga, J., Jones, C., Gathara, D., & English, M. (2021). Value of stakeholder engagement in improving newborn care in Kenya: a qualitative description of perspectives and lessons learned. BMJ open, 11(6), e045123.
Ochola, G. O. (2018). Employee motivation, An organisational performance improvement strategy (A review on influence of employee motivation on organisational performance). JOJ Sciences, 1(5), 120-125.
Oleribe, O. O., Ezieme, I. P., Oladipo, O., Akinola, E. P., Udofia, D., & Taylor-Robinson, S. D. (2016). Industrial action by healthcare workers in Nigeria in 2013–2015: an inquiry into causes, consequences and control-a cross-sectional descriptive study. Human resources for health, 14(1), 1-10.
Osabiya, B. J. (2015). The effect of employees motivation on organisational performance. Journal of public administration and policy research, 7(4), 62-75.
Otiende, M. A., &Makokha. E. (2020). Effects of Employee Motivation on Organisational Performance among Part–Time Lecturers in Selected Private Universities Kisumu County, International Journal of Recent Research in Social Sciences and Humanities (IJRRSSH),7 (3), pp,127-140.
Özpehlivan, M., & Acar, A. Z. (2015). Assessment of a multidimensional job satisfaction instrument. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 210, 283-290.
Paais, M., & Pattiruhu, J. R. (2020). Effect of motivation, leadership, and organisational culture on satisfaction and employee performance. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(8), 577-588.
Pancasila, I., Haryono, S., & Sulistyo, B. A. (2020). Effects of work motivation and leadership toward work satisfaction and employee performance: Evidence from Indonesia. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(6), 387-397.
Peretomode, V. F. (2014). Theories of Management, Implications for Educational Administration. Delta State University, Abraka.
Raziq, A., & Maulabakhsh, R. (2015). Impact of working environment on job satisfaction. Procedia Economics and Finance, 23, 717-725.
Rosak-Szyrocka, J. (2015). Employee motivation in health care. Production Engineering Archives, 6.
Saeed, R., Lodhi, R. N., Iqbal, A., Nayyab, H. H., Mussawar, S., & Yaseen, S. (2013). Factors influencing job satisfaction of employees in telecom sector of Pakistan. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 16(11), 1476-1482.
Schay, B. W., & Fisher, S. F. (2013). The challenge of making performance -based pay systems work in the public sector. Public Personnel Management, 42(3), 359-384.
Schopman, L. M., Kalshoven, K., & Boon, C. (2017). When health care workers perceive high-commitment HRM will they be motivated to continue working in health care? It may depend on their supervisor and intrinsic motivation. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 28(4), 657-677.
Shahzadi, I., Javed, A., Pirzada, S. S., Nasreen, S., & Khanam, F. (2014). Impact of employee motivation on employee performance. European Journal of Business and Management, 6(23), 159-166.
Singh, H., & Mahmood, R. (2014). Manufacturing Strategy and Export Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in Malaysia: Moderating Role of External Environment, International Journal of Business and Commerce, 3(5): 37-52.
Singh, P. (2013). Increasing productivity with motivation in the workplace. National Monthly Refereed Journal of Research in Commerce & Management, 2(6), 27-32.
Stefurak, T., Morgan, R., & Johnson, R. B. (2020). The relationship of public service motivation to job satisfaction and job Performance of emergency medical services professionals. Public Personnel Management, 49(4), 590-616.
Sultana, A., Irum, S., Ahmed, K., & Mehmood, N. (2012). Impact of training on employee performance: A study of telecommunication sector in Pakistan. Interdisciplinary Journal of contemporary research in business, 4(6), 646-661.
Tillott, S., Walsh, K., & Moxham, L. (2013). Encouraging engagement at work to improve retention. Nursing Management, 19(10).
Waithaka, D., Kagwanja, N., Nzinga, J., Tsofa, B., Leli, H., Mataza, C., ... & Molyneux, S. (2020). Prolonged health worker strikes in Kenya-perspectives and experiences of frontline health managers and local communities in Kilifi County, International journal for equity in health, 19(1), 1-15.
Weldegebriel, Z., Ejigu, Y., Weldegebreal, F., & Woldie, M. (2016). Motivation of health workers and associated factors in public hospitals of West Amhara, Northwest Ethiopia. Patient preference and adherence, 10, 159.
WHO, (2020). Coronavirus disease (COVID19.https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019.
Young, G., & Smith, K. G. (2013). Units, divisions, and organisations: Macro-level goal setting. In New developments in goal setting and task performance. Routledge.
Zameer, H., Ali, S., Nisar, W., & Amir, M. (2014). The impact of the motivation on the employee’s performance in beverage industry of Pakistan. International journal of academic research in accounting, finance and management sciences, 4(1), 293-298.
Al Tayyar, K. (2014). Job satisfaction and motivation amongst secondary school teachers in Saudi Arabia (Doctoral dissertation, University of York).
Alameddine, M., Baroud, M., Kharroubi, S., Hamadeh, R., Ammar, W., Shoaib, H., & Khodr, H. (2017). Investigating the job satisfaction of healthcare providers at primary healthcare centres in Lebanon: A national cross‐sectional study. Health & social care in the community, 25(6), 1805-1816.
Al-Madi, F. N., Assal, H., Shrafat, F., & Zeglat, D. (2017). The impact of employee motivation on organisational commitment. European Journal of Business and Management, 9(15), 134-145.
Almarri, K., & Gardiner, P. (2014). Application of resource-based view to project management research: supporters and opponents. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 119, 437-445.
Alshmemri, M. S. (2014). Job satisfaction of Saudi nurses working in Saudi Arabian public hospitals. Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.
Alwedyan, A. M. (2021). The Impact of Motivation on Employees' performance At Government Agencies in Jordan. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 20(2), 1-11.
Augustinus, D. C., & Halim, C. F. (2021). The Effect of Motivation Towards Employee Performance for Café Workers in Medan. Journal of Accounting & Management Innovation, 5 (1), pp. 44-56.
Bakotic, D., & Babic, T. (2013). Relationship between working conditions and job satisfaction: The case of Croatian shipbuilding organisation. International journal of business and social science, 4(2).
Balouch, R., & Hassan, F. (2014). Determinants of job satisfaction and its impact on employee performance and turnover intentions. International Journal of Learning & Development, 4(2), 120-140.
Barnes, B. R. (2019). Transformative mixed methods research in South Africa: Contributions to social justice. Transforming Research Methods in The Social Sciences: Case Studies from South Africa, 303-16.
Barney, J. B. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17: 99-120.
Bhatnagar, A. (2014). Determinants of motivation and job satisfaction among primary health workers: case studies from Nigeria and India (Doctoral dissertation, Johns Hopkins University).
Burton, C. R., & Rycroft-Malone, J. (2014). Resource based view of the firm as a theoretical lens on the organisational consequences of quality improvement. International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 3(3), 113.
Carper, W. B. (2015). Goalset: A contingency model of organisational goal setting. American Journal of management, 15(1), 50.
Casebeer, A., Reay, T., Dewald, J., & Pablo, A. (2010). 12 Knowing through doing: unleashing latent dynamic capabilities in the public sector. Connecting knowledge and performance in public services: From knowing to doing, 251.
Chen, S. Y., Wu, W. C., Chang, C. S., & Lin, C. T. (2015). Job rotation and internal marketing for increased job satisfaction and organisational commitment in hospital nursing staff. Journal of nursing management, 23(3), 297-306.
Chrest, K. T. (2020). Employee Motivation Related to Leadership Behaviors in Rural Outpatient Healthcare Settings (Doctoral dissertation, Franklin University).
Deressa, A. T., & Zeru, G. (2019). Work motivation and its effects on organisational performance: the case of nurses in Hawassa public and private hospitals: Mixed method study approach. BMC research notes, 12(1), 1-6.
Dobre, O. I. (2013). Employee motivation and organisational performance. Review of applied socio-economic research, 5(1), 53-60.
Febrianti, N. T., &Suharto, S.E, S. (2020). The effect of career development and motivation on employee performance through job satisfaction in Pt Jabar Jaya Perkasa. International Journal of Business and Social Science Research, 1(2),25-35.
Fetters, M. D., & Molina-Azorin, J. F. (2017). The Journal of Mixed Methods Research starts a new decade: The mixed methods research integration trilogy and its dimensions. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 11(3), 291-307.
Ghiara, V. (2020). Disambiguating the role of paradigms in mixed methods research. Journal of mixed methods research, 14(1), 11-25.
Graban, M., & Toussaint, J. (2018). Lean hospitals: improving quality, patient safety, and employee engagement. Productivity Press.
Hemakumara, M. G. G. (2020). The Impact of Motivation on Job Performance: A Review of Literature. Journal of Human Resources, 8(2), 24-29.
Hotchkiss, D. R., Banteyerga, H., & Tharaney, M. (2015). Job satisfaction and motivation among public sector health workers: evidence from Ethiopia. Human resources for health, 13(1), 1-12.
Huber, P., & Schubert, H. J. (2019). Attitudes about work engagement of different generations-A cross‐sectional study with nurses and supervisors. Journal of nursing management, 27(7), 1341-1350.
Kalogiannidis, S. (2021). Impact of employee motivation on organisational performance. A scoping review paper for public sector. The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 8 (3), 984 – 996.
Kang, S. C., & Yanadori, Y. (2011). Adoption and coverage of performance ‐related pay during institutional change: An integration of institutional and agency theories. Journal of Management Studies, 48(8), 1837-1865.
Kawara, P. (2014). Effects of reward systems on employee productivity in Catholic University of Eastern Africa. International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management, 1(2), 1-4.
Killen, C. P., Jugdev, K., Drouin, N., & Petit, Y. (2012). Advancing project and portfolio management research: Applying strategic management theories. International journal of project management, 30(5), 525-538.
KIPPRA (2021). Strengthening Labour Relations to Avert Strikes in the Health Care Sector in Kenya. Retrieved from https://kippra.or.ke/strengthening-labour-relations-to-avert-strikes-in-the-health-care-sector-in-kenya/
Koppes, L. L. (Ed.). (2014). Historical perspectives in industrial and organisational psychology. Psychology Press.
Kossivi, B., Xu, M., & Kalgora, B. (2016). Study on determining factors of employee retention. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 4(05), 261-268.
Kramer, W. S., Thayer, A. L., & Salas, E. (2013). Goal setting in teams. In New developments in goal setting and task performance. Routledge.
Kuranchie-Mensah, E. B., & Amponsah-Tawiah, K. (2016). Employee motivation and work performance: A comparative study of mining companies in Ghana. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management (JIEM), 9(2), 255-309.
Latham, G. P., & Locke, E. A. (1979). Goal setting—A motivational technique that works. Organizational dynamics, 8(2), 68-80.
Lencho, D. M. (2020). Effect of employee motivation on job performance: in case of fiche general hospital, International Journal of Commerce and Finance, 6(1), 81-101.
Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (2013). Goal setting theory: The current state. In New developments in goal setting and task performance (pp. 623-630). Routledge.
Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (2015). Breaking the rules: a historical overview of goal-setting theory. In Advances in motivation science, 2, 99-126.
Lubis, R. K. (2020). Analysis of Effect of Work Motivation and Job Satisfaction Performance Against Serdang Agricultural Extension Bedagai. Journal of Management Science (JMAS), 3(1), 19-24.
Mugenda, O. M., & Mugenda, A. G. (2003). Research methods: Quantitative and. Qualitative. Approaches. Nairobi.
Mulyani, S. R., Sari, V. N., & Sari, M. W. (2020). Model of employee motivation and cooperative performance. Utopía y Praxis Latinoamericana, 25(1), 232-242.
Musinguzi, C., Namale, L., Rutebemberwa, E., Dahal, A., Nahirya-Ntege, P., & Kekitiinwa, A. (2018). The relationship between leadership style and health worker motivation, job satisfaction and teamwork in Uganda. Journal of healthcare leadership, 10, 21.
Mwabu, G. M., & Were, S. (2019). Influence of employee motivation on performance in selected research institutions in Nairobi City County, Kenya. International Academic Journal of Human Resource and Business Administration, 3(6), 354-374.
Nzinga, J., Jones, C., Gathara, D., & English, M. (2021). Value of stakeholder engagement in improving newborn care in Kenya: a qualitative description of perspectives and lessons learned. BMJ open, 11(6), e045123.
Ochola, G. O. (2018). Employee motivation, An organisational performance improvement strategy (A review on influence of employee motivation on organisational performance). JOJ Sciences, 1(5), 120-125.
Oleribe, O. O., Ezieme, I. P., Oladipo, O., Akinola, E. P., Udofia, D., & Taylor-Robinson, S. D. (2016). Industrial action by healthcare workers in Nigeria in 2013–2015: an inquiry into causes, consequences and control-a cross-sectional descriptive study. Human resources for health, 14(1), 1-10.
Osabiya, B. J. (2015). The effect of employees motivation on organisational performance. Journal of public administration and policy research, 7(4), 62-75.
Otiende, M. A., &Makokha. E. (2020). Effects of Employee Motivation on Organisational Performance among Part–Time Lecturers in Selected Private Universities Kisumu County, International Journal of Recent Research in Social Sciences and Humanities (IJRRSSH),7 (3), pp,127-140.
Özpehlivan, M., & Acar, A. Z. (2015). Assessment of a multidimensional job satisfaction instrument. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 210, 283-290.
Paais, M., & Pattiruhu, J. R. (2020). Effect of motivation, leadership, and organisational culture on satisfaction and employee performance. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(8), 577-588.
Pancasila, I., Haryono, S., & Sulistyo, B. A. (2020). Effects of work motivation and leadership toward work satisfaction and employee performance: Evidence from Indonesia. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(6), 387-397.
Peretomode, V. F. (2014). Theories of Management, Implications for Educational Administration. Delta State University, Abraka.
Raziq, A., & Maulabakhsh, R. (2015). Impact of working environment on job satisfaction. Procedia Economics and Finance, 23, 717-725.
Rosak-Szyrocka, J. (2015). Employee motivation in health care. Production Engineering Archives, 6.
Saeed, R., Lodhi, R. N., Iqbal, A., Nayyab, H. H., Mussawar, S., & Yaseen, S. (2013). Factors influencing job satisfaction of employees in telecom sector of Pakistan. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 16(11), 1476-1482.
Schay, B. W., & Fisher, S. F. (2013). The challenge of making performance -based pay systems work in the public sector. Public Personnel Management, 42(3), 359-384.
Schopman, L. M., Kalshoven, K., & Boon, C. (2017). When health care workers perceive high-commitment HRM will they be motivated to continue working in health care? It may depend on their supervisor and intrinsic motivation. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 28(4), 657-677.
Shahzadi, I., Javed, A., Pirzada, S. S., Nasreen, S., & Khanam, F. (2014). Impact of employee motivation on employee performance. European Journal of Business and Management, 6(23), 159-166.
Singh, H., & Mahmood, R. (2014). Manufacturing Strategy and Export Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in Malaysia: Moderating Role of External Environment, International Journal of Business and Commerce, 3(5): 37-52.
Singh, P. (2013). Increasing productivity with motivation in the workplace. National Monthly Refereed Journal of Research in Commerce & Management, 2(6), 27-32.
Stefurak, T., Morgan, R., & Johnson, R. B. (2020). The relationship of public service motivation to job satisfaction and job Performance of emergency medical services professionals. Public Personnel Management, 49(4), 590-616.
Sultana, A., Irum, S., Ahmed, K., & Mehmood, N. (2012). Impact of training on employee performance: A study of telecommunication sector in Pakistan. Interdisciplinary Journal of contemporary research in business, 4(6), 646-661.
Tillott, S., Walsh, K., & Moxham, L. (2013). Encouraging engagement at work to improve retention. Nursing Management, 19(10).
Waithaka, D., Kagwanja, N., Nzinga, J., Tsofa, B., Leli, H., Mataza, C., ... & Molyneux, S. (2020). Prolonged health worker strikes in Kenya-perspectives and experiences of frontline health managers and local communities in Kilifi County, International journal for equity in health, 19(1), 1-15.
Weldegebriel, Z., Ejigu, Y., Weldegebreal, F., & Woldie, M. (2016). Motivation of health workers and associated factors in public hospitals of West Amhara, Northwest Ethiopia. Patient preference and adherence, 10, 159.
WHO, (2020). Coronavirus disease (COVID19.https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019.
Young, G., & Smith, K. G. (2013). Units, divisions, and organisations: Macro-level goal setting. In New developments in goal setting and task performance. Routledge.
Zameer, H., Ali, S., Nisar, W., & Amir, M. (2014). The impact of the motivation on the employee’s performance in beverage industry of Pakistan. International journal of academic research in accounting, finance and management sciences, 4(1), 293-298.
Published
2023-09-14
How to Cite
Musangi, N. E., Ngui, T., & Senaji, T. A. (2023). RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION AND PERFORMANCE OF LEVEL FOUR GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS IN KENYA. African Journal of Emerging Issues, 5(13), 53 - 75. Retrieved from https://ajoeijournals.org/sys/index.php/ajoei/article/view/475
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