THE ROLE OF TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP IN ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE: A CASE OF THE COUNTY PUBLIC SERVICE OF NAROK, KENYA
Abstract
Purpose of the study: Transactional leadership has over the years elicited debates regarding its influence on organizational change. Whereas in some cases it is seen from a negative side, there are, however other scholars who view this kind of leadership from a positive dimension in terms of managing organizational change. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to find out the role of transactional leadership on organizational change in Narok County Public Service.
Research methodology: The study used descriptive research design. The study population consisted of the workers in the Public Service of Narok. The sample size comprised of 155 workers from six departments of the county government. The study employed questionnaires to collect primary data. Analysis was both quantitative and qualitative. Qualitative analysis involved feeding the responses into the computer software SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences). Qualitative analysis, on the other hand involved grouping the data in accordance with the set out objectives and presenting it using thematic analysis in form of narrative and prose.
Findings: The findings of the study revealed that the transactional leadership style that entailed promotions, demotions, goal setting and restructuring to a large extent played a big role in organizational change. However, it was also found that this type of leadership also creates fear and apathy in employees, especially the use of punishments in enhancing compliance and this negatively affected organizational change.
Recommendations: The study recommends that county governments ought to have in place elaborated leadership styles which are tried and tested in other organizations. At the same time, the study recommends the borrowing of best practices by county governments.
Keywords: Transactional Leadership, Organization change, Public service, Narok County
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Timmagarandouer N and Prasanaravis (2014) A Study on government strategies and policies Volume 13.
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within the current context of knowledge and future directions. Journal of Marketing.
Yoga.K (2006) Organizational; Leadership in Wuan Province in China. Upper Saddle River. Prentice Hall.
Yukl, G. (2010). Leadership in organizations (7th Ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Alubairee.S.L jamhur M (2012) The effects of competence of employees on the competitive
Ambler. T, Rust.R and Capenter. V, Kumar.R (2004) The Measuring of Marketing productivity and effectiveness of parastatals and state corporations in Kenya. International Journal
and its effect on the performance of an organization in Non-governmental and Management Volume 7:16
Anwar.S, Iqbar and Haider (2015) The effects of styles of Leadership on the performance of as performance: Management Decisions Journal. Volume 5:23 2004
Aswani. M (2020). The Organization and style of employees in libraries. Journal of Management. 10;1
Avery and Kantaburra (2010) The role of vision and its power statements from the eminent
Baist. A and Hassan. N. Z (2018) The effects of Strategic Management on the performance of
Bichanga. D.M Nzamba, Kitonga, Muema. O B.K (2016) Strategic Management and leadership
Burns. J.M (1978) Leadership put in perspective. New York: Harper and Row Publishers.
Burns. P.L (1978) Leadership defined: A Review. New York: Row and Hare publishers.
Business ethics. Volume 10:30
Dadhictch. A and Bhal. K.T (2011) Ethical leadership and its effects on the member’s ability to
employees in an organization. Journal of Arabian Business Management Review.
Gobadianis Nand Regan N.A (2004) The significance of capability for strategic directions well
Henersy. JT (1998) The reinvention of government an its difference. Journal of Public
Herebiniack. G.L (2005) A Strategic view of execution of leadership plan. Volume 4: 3 2005
Ibrahim. Hasan and Khaje (2018) Impacts of the styles of leadership on the performance of Iceland International Journal of Management nd Economics. Volume. 1:11
Jackson, J. (2008). Globalization, internationalization, and short-term stays abroad. International journal of intercultural relations, 32(4), 349-358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2008.04.004
Jamhour S & Alrubailee L (2012) The effects of employee’s core competencies on the
Johansen. J.P, Dusya.V and Crossan. M (2009) Strategic Management and leadership in terms of
Journal of Human Resources Management. Volume 2:34 2018
Kezar, A., & Lester, J. (2010). Breaking the barriers of essentialism in leadership research: Positionality as a promising approach. Feminist formations, 163-185.
Kim L. (2012) Running public Organizations. Johannes burg: Verde publishers
Khajeh. I H (2018) The effects of styles of leadership on the performance of an organization.
KNBS (Kenya National Bureau of Statistics) and Kenya National Demographic Survey (2019)
Leadership and Management. Volume 13:15
Leah. W.L (2012) The nexus between strategic management and alignment on the performance
Lewis.P Sanders.P and Thornhill. Thornhill. B (2003) Research Methods in Business Management and
Lowe, K. B., Kroeck, K. G., & Sivasubramaniam, N. (1996). Effectiveness correlates of transformational and transactional leadership: A meta-analytic review of the MLQ literature. The leadership quarterly, 7(3), 385-425. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1048-9843(96)90027-2
Malik, H (2016) Impact of Organizational Culture on Performance: A Study of hotels in National Capital. Phd Thesis: University of Kushetra
Management. Volume 15: 7 2014
Marcoulides, G. and Heck, R. (1993). “Organizational culture and performance: proposing and testing a model”, Organization Science, Vol. 4 No. 2, pp. 209-25. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.4.2.209
Martini, C (2016) Hospitality Innovation Report. Switzerland. Micro Enterprises in the Manufacturing industry. International Journal of Business
Morris. J (2017). Top Leading Hotel Groups. Tourism Review.
Mugenda and Mugenda (2005). Research Methods. East African Educational Publishers Nairobi
Muhammed, t. (2018) The Impact of Innovation on the performance of some organizations in Hassan Industrial City. International Journal of Business Management invention. Volume 7 2018
Mumford, M.D., Scott, G.M., Gaddis, B. & Strange, J.M. 2002, ‘Leading creative people: Orchestrating expertise and relationships’, Leadership Quarterly, vol. 13, pp. 705–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1048-9843(02)00158-3
Murathe, E (2018). Nairobi boasts high number of five star hotels in Kenya. D.N May 12, 2018
Mushtaq (2013). Organizational Culture in Hotel Industry: Perception and Preferences among staff. Research gate. 2013 vol6 (5)
Mutindi, J (2015). Effect of Strategic Management drivers on the performance of the hotel industry in Kenyan coast. PhD Thesis: JKUAT.
Mwikali. W (2020) Effects of Capacity Building on the performance of Organizations: A case of
Namusone. G.S and Koech. P M (2012) The effects of the style of leadership on the performance
Namusonge. G (2019) The impact of Strategic Management on Organizational Performance.
National Census. Nairobi : KNBS
Newman. A and Weynmann. E (1999) The role of strategic leadership styles within the context
Ngacha, W (2017). The role of a customer-oriented service culture in influencing customer relation in the hotel industry. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure.
Nohria. N (2017). What really Works. Harvard Business Review. 81.
Odhiambo, O (2009). Implementation of performance contracting in Kenya. International Public Management Review. Issue 10:2
Oreland. A.M, Hotchkiss. R.E (2007) A Review of Strategic Management within the context of organization. In Nairobi County in Kenya. International Journal of Economics Volume 65. 3
Porter, M. E., & Kramer, M. R. (2011). The big idea: Creating shared value. Harvard Business
Quick. C. J (2002) The designing of a new organizational culture at Southwestern Airlines.
Quresh.A and Areef. S (2012) Leadership styles that are effective in Non-Governmental
Quresh.A and Areef. S (2012) Leadership styles that are effective in Non-Governmental
Review, 89, 2.
Robinsons. R.B and Parce. A. J (2007) The Formulation Control and the Implementation of a
Romania., Journal of Marketing and Management. Volume 6:2
Rousseau, D. (1990). “Normative beliefs in fund-raising organizations”. Group and Organization Studies, Vol. 15 No. 4, pp. 448-60. https://doi.org/10.1177/105960119001500408
Sainaghi, R. (2010). "A meta‐analysis of hotel performance. Continental or worldwide style?" Tourism Review, Vol. 65 No. 3, pp. 46-69. https://doi.org/10.1108/16605371011083521
Scott, W. (1995). Institutions and Organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Scott, W. Richard (2004). “Institutional theory.” in Encyclopedia of Social Theory, George Ritzer, ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Pp. 408-14
Shahzad, F., Luqman, R. A., Khan, A. R., & Shabbir, L. (2012). Impact of organizational culture on organizational performance: An overview. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 3(9), 975-985.
Shalley, C. (2004). ‘What leaders need to know: A review of social and contextual factors that can foster or hinder creativity’. Leadership Quarterly, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 33–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2003.12.004
Silverman. A.K. (2005) Strategic power in leadership vision: Volume 33:2 International Journal SMEs (Small and Medium Enterprises) in Malaysia. The International Journal of
Stegerean. R and Gavrea. C (2011) Factors that determine the performance of an organization in
Students. 3rd Edition. New York: Peason publishers.
Thorndike. T (2007) The effect of skipper on the industry of Iceland. Thesis: PhD: University of
Timmagarandouer N and Prasanaravis (2014) A Study on government strategies and policies Volume 13.
Wario. H (2021) The impact of Strategic Management Practices on the Performance of Hotel
within the current context of knowledge and future directions. Journal of Marketing.
Yoga.K (2006) Organizational; Leadership in Wuan Province in China. Upper Saddle River. Prentice Hall.
Yukl, G. (2010). Leadership in organizations (7th Ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
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Published
2022-09-27
How to Cite
Sonkori , J. O., & Odek , A. (2022). THE ROLE OF TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP IN ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE: A CASE OF THE COUNTY PUBLIC SERVICE OF NAROK, KENYA. African Journal of Emerging Issues, 4(9), 42–61. Retrieved from https://ajoeijournals.org/sys/index.php/ajoei/article/view/326
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